Monday 28 July 2014

PATHIAN PAWISAWI THENKHATTE THIH DAN


      Pathian awm inti ring lo vel a deusawh taka sawichhe ho hi an thihhnuah engtinge an thlarau chungah kan Pathian hian ro a la rel sak dawn tih lam chu thudangah dah ta ila. Heng sawichhetu ho te hi an damlai la la pawh hian kan Pathian engkim tithei hian an chungah ‘action’ a la ve thin tlat mai le. Chutianga Pathian awm ngaisang lova deusawh a sawichhe thin mi thenkhatte an chuanga Pathianin action a lak dan hi tlem in lo sawi lang lawk teh ang.
      Titanic lawnglian an siam tuma an Naval Architect Thomas Andrews-a pawh kha Titanic an sak zawh hlim khan an confi ve mai mai khawp a. Reporter pakhat hian an lawnglian chu a him meuh ang maw tih an zawh chuan Thomas Andrews-a chuan “Pathian meuh pawh in a ti pil thei lovang,” ti in a lo chhang pek a. Pathian chuan a lo ti pil thei nameuh mai a ni ang chu an zinchhuah hmasak ber tum in ni 5 awrh tuipuiah an la zin hman chauh tih ah Atlantic tuipuiah vur tlang a su a, a pil der mai a nih kha. Hemi tum hian mi 1500 zet in nunna an chan a, chung zingah chuan chapo taka “Pathian meuh pawhin a ti pil thei lo ang,” titu Thomas Andrews-a ngei pawh chu a tel ve nghe nghe a nih kha.
      Marilyn Monroe, Actress hmingthang hmel tha lutuk mai sexy bawk si ‘America’s Sex Symbol’ an lo tih hial thin pawh kha a show persentation a neih naah thusawitu hmingthang Billy Graham-a hian ava tlawh a. Pathianin amah chu Chanchintha va hrilh turin a tir a ni tih ava hrilh a, mahse Marilyn Monroe khan a lo ngaisang lo nasa mai, “ I Pathian ve kha engatan mah ka ti love....” ti in Billy Graham-a chu a lo chhang a nih kha. Ani pawh kha a tifuh tehchiam lo, hemi hnu kar khat lekah hian a inah thi in an chhar der mai a nih kha. Tun thlengin a thihdan tak hi chiangkuang tak pawhin ala sawi chian theih loh lehnghal. Drugs Overdose an han ti tak na a Kennedy te unau thah a ni mi tam zawk chuan an la ring ta reng tho a ni.
Bon Scott AC/DC Singer in a hla ‘Highway To Hell’ tih kha kan hre vek anga: 
Hey mumma
Look at me
I'm on the way to the promised land
I'm on the highway to hell
Highway to hell
I'm on the highway to hell
Highway to hell
Don't stop me
...ti khan 1979 kuma an hla released ah khan pawr teng deuh deuh in a zai a ni lawmni kha? He hla hi an band in thui tak tak tour nei a an zin kualna thin an nin zia leh hrehawm an tih zia an phuahna ni in anmahni chuan an sawi na a mahse heihi mi tamtakin an zawh lai mek hremhmun lamtluang an zawh sawina a ni tih an sawi thin laka an in sawimawina mai a ni e an ti thung a, a enge dik zawk tih erawh kan hre lo. Mahse an hla thu hian Pathian pawi a sawi a ni maithei, an released hnu a kum leh lawk 19th February 1980 a rawn inher chhuah chuan Bon Scott chu thi a chhar a ni a, a rui lutuk chu ama luak in a lo hnawh hlum der mai a nih kha.

      Kum 2005 khan Brazil rama Campinas ah chuan thianho rualkhat hian an thiannu pakhat chu lenchhuah pui turin rui deuh mai chungin car in av va sawm chhuak a. An chhuak tur chu chu nula nu chuan an rui hlawm si a, a ngaihtuah hlawm hle mai a, an tlanchhuak tur chu a fanu kut chu vuan chungin, “Ka fanu Pathian in awmpui che sela venghim che rawh se,” ti in a thlah a. A fanu chuan uangthuang tak chung hian, “Ka nu, Pathian chu a rawn chuang tel ve duh a nih chuan duhleh a bungraw dahna laiah te hian rawn chuang ve mai mai sela, chu lah chu thildang a awm a, a khat tawh bawk si...” te a lo ti vel a, an tlan lliam zui ta nghal a. Ani pawh hi a tawng chhuak fuh tehchiam ta bik lo. Darkar khat hnuaa nu in an chanchin an hriat leh chu an car chu a accident a a chhunga chuang zawng zawng an thi vek tih a ni ta mai reng a. An car lah chu a chhe hneh khawp a, eng ang chi nge a nih pawh hriat theih mang loh khawpin a chhe hneh a mahse mak tak mai in a bungraw phurhna lai chu a chhe tel ve lo tlat mai. Police ho pawh in chulai a bungraw dahna lai tak a chhe tel ve lo chu mak an ti hle mai a, a chhung an han en chuan artui hlir mai a bawm khat chuan a lo awm a, chutiang khawp a a car chhe nasa si chu pakhatmah zu han keh hauh lova. An bungraw bawmah chuan Pathian chu a lo chuang tel ve reng a ni lo maw?
      Christine Hewitt (Jamaican Journalist and entertainer) pawh khan “Bible hi khawvela lehkhabu ziak tawh ah chuan a laktlakloh ber a ni...” a ti ve ngawt pek a, a hnu lawk June 200g khan a ruang chu a car chhungah amah tak pawh hriat theih mangloh khawp akang chhe nasa in hmuh a ni der mai a nih kha.
      Cazuza (Bi-sexual Brazilian composer, singer leh poet ni bawk) pawh khan Canecio ( Rio de Janeiro ) show a neihna ah a cigarette zuk lai cu an hip vang vang a, a khu van lama pak chhuah pah chuan “Lalpa, ka i chanpual ve a nih kha...” a ti ngawt pek a, kum 32 mi lek a nih hi chuap cancer in hrehawm tak turin a thi daih asin le.
    Tancredo Neves (Elected President of Brazil ) pawh kha a tawng fuh vak bik lo. “Inthlannaah kan party in vote 500,000 kan hmuh chuan Pathian meuh pawh in President atangin min paihthla thei lo ang,” an ti veleh mauh mai pek a. Pathian chuan a lo paihthla thei chiang khawp mai vote 500,000 chu a hmu tehmeuh mai President atana an nemngheh hma ni chiah in a damlova an nemngheh hman hma in ani pawh hian a chatuan ram tur a pan ve ta a ni.
      Heng ang chi hi sawi tur tamtak awm mahse a tawp nan John Lennon (Singer) hi i han sawi ve leh hram teh ang. The Beatles vanglai chho tak tak kha chuan zaithiamah chuan anni aia lar kha khawvelah chuan an awm chuanglo ti ila ka ti sual tampui awm love. Anmahni pawh khan lar an inti ve tawk a ni ang American Magazine hovin an interview naah an zaitupa ber John Lennon pek khan, “Kristianna hi chu a la tawp anga he khawvela atang hian a la boral ang chu chu ka hre chiang, Lal Isua pawh a tha mahse a ho te hi mi mawl te te an ni tlat. Tunah hi chuan ani aiin kan lar tawh zawk,” an ti ve leh ngawt pek a nih kha. Lal Isua aiin kan lar zawk titu ber kha a hnu lawkah kah hlum a ni ta mai a nih kha.
      Aw le, heng ho chanchin hi chu heti chinah hian duhtak phawt teh ang. Heng Pathian awm ring lo leh hmusit a deuhsawh zawnga tawng khum ho chanchin hi insawithaihna thil mai nilovin a tak ngei a thil thleng a ni tlat mai a. Heng thil thleng kan han sawi te hi thenkhat chuan ngaihruatna thil, ngaihbel chawp mai mai ‘Coincidence’ alawm te an han ti takna a kan Pathian engkim hria, engkim tithei leh khawi hmunah pawh awm, engkim siamtu hi chuti mai mai a deusawh a hmuhsit chi a ni lo tih leh misual sim te ngaidam thintu Pathian a nih rual hian Amah hawisan tute chungah chuan chawpleh chilh a action la thin a ni tih hi heng kan han sawi tak atang te hian a lang chiang viau awm e. Chuvangin Pathian awm kan ring lo anih pawhin kan thu kan duhthlanna a ni a tu intih luih theih mah a ni hauh lo a mahse deusawh tak leh hmusit taka tawng khum a sawichhiat hi chu chin loh atan a tha khawp mai. He post ah hian Mi rapthlak tak leh engemaw deuh a an thih hian Pathian an sawichhiat vang a ni tih lam in ka rawn post a ni lo a. Mahse Pathian sawichhiat hian Pathian pawi a sawi theih a ni tih lam zawk a ni ka rawn sawi chu. Chumi example atan chuan hengho hi ka rawn hmang mai a ni zawk. Kan hma lam hun minute kha pawh tidanglam theilo keini mihring te hian kan hmalamah enge lo thleng dawn a kan chuangah Pathianin engtinge ro a rel dawn kan hre si lo.  (Source : BigDaddy Hmahmatea @ Thu Ngaihnawm Huang)

Friday 25 July 2014

FOOTBALL AVANGA KHAWVELA CHHIATNA RAPTHLAK 
THLENG LANGSAR ZUAL SAWM(10) TE 

10. Bradford City Fire Disaster 
Date: 11 May 1985 
Location: Valley Parade Stadium, Bradford, England. 
Death Toll: 56

     Bradford khelmualah chuan Bradford City leh Lincoln City ten Football League Third Division an khel a. Entu mipuite fimkhur lo chuan an thutna hnung lamah an cigarette zuk bung chu an paih ta mai a, an thutna chu kum 20 laia upa tawh thing hmanga sak anih avangin a kang kai ta ani.
     Half time chawlh hman hma a minute 5 vel ala awm laiin putar kum 77 mi thutna atang chuan meikhu a lo chhhuak ta phut mai a, match referee Don Shaw chuan inkhel a ti tawp nghal a, Minute 3 thung lekin stadium chhungah chuan meialh leh meikhu chuan hmun a luah nghal vek a ni.
      Mipui innek buaina nasa tak avngin mi 56 laiin nunna an chan a ni.


9. The Second Ibrox disaster 
Date: 2 January 1971 
Location: Ibrox Stadium, Glasgow, Scotland. 
Death Toll: 66

     Rangers vs Celtic inkhel chu boruak a tang hle mai a, mahse goal erawh a lut lawk lo. 89 Minutes thleng chuan 0-0 a la ni a. Last minute ah tak mai chuan Celtic tan Colin Stein chuan goal a rawn thun ta hlauh mai le, Celtic fans te hlim dan tur leh Rangers fans te rilru nat dan tur chu hriatthiam phak a ni lo. Rangers tan beisei a bo tawha fans thinur te poh khelmual chhuahsanin an haw ta sung sung mai. Chutah mipui sahawk thinrim chuan entu mipui daidanna barrier an ti chhia a, kailawn vawnchhan an tih mai stairway no 13 na chu an tichhe bawk a, buaina namen lo a chhuak zui ta a. Mi 66 laiin an thih phaha mi 200 chuang an hliam phah bawk a ni.
The Second Ibrox Disaster
The Second Ibrox Disaster

8. The Luzhniki disaster 
Date: 20 Oct 1982
Location: Lenin Stadium, Moscow, Russia
Death Toll: 66+

      Russia khawpui Moscow a awm Luzhniki stadium tun hma chuan Lenin stadium tih hming a pu thin. October 20, 1982 ah chuan FC Spartak Moscow vs HFC Haarlem ten UEFA cup an khel a. Hun pangngai inkhelh ah chuan FC Spartak Moscow chuan 1-0 in hma an hruai mek a. Hun pangngai a zawh tawh avangin
     Haarlem fans te chuan beisei a awm tawh lo tih hria in khel mual an chhuahsan ta a. Injury time a ni a FC Spartak Moscow chuan an chakna nemnghet turin Sergei Shvetsov chuan goal a rawn thun leh a ni. Hemi tuma inkhelhah hian fans te chhuahna tur Exit chu hmun khatah chuah siam a ni. Sergei Shvetsov’n chakna nemnghehna goal a thun zawh hnu chuan stadium chhuahsan tawh mipui thenkhat chu rawn let leh an tum ta a. Entry/exit hmun khatah chauh a a awm avangin an buai ta nuai nuai mai a, Official takin thi zat an puang thei loa mi 66 aia tam an thi a , mi 340 velin hliam an tuar bawk ani.

Luzhniki disaster

7. Puerta 12 Tragedy
Date: 23 June 1968
Location: Estadio Monumental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Death Toll: 71+

      He chhiatna thleng pawh hi a chunga kan sawi tak ang deuh tho hi a ni a. River Plate vs Boca Juniors an inkhel a, mipui pungkhawm chuan exit ni lo a chhuah an tum avangin an buai phah ta a ni. River Plate leh Boca Juniors hi club inhal tak an ni tih kan hre thin awm e. Hemi tuma inkhel en tu thenkhat sawi dan chuan Boca juniors fans te hian River plate flag an hala mipui awmna ah an vawm darh vak ni in an sawi a, River plate fnas thinrim chuan Boca Junior ho awmna lamah an pheia an buai phah niin an sawi bawk a. A hrechiang te sawi danah chuan police te khan an tihtur an ti lo a ni an ti. River plate Ex-President William Kent –a pawhion police hnathawh dan a dem hle. Mi 71 laiin nunna an chan phah a ni. Hemi tuma thil thleng hi kum thum chhung investigation an tih hnu pawhin mawhphurtu ber an chhuichhuak thei lo a ni.
Puerta 12 Tragedy

6. Port Said Stadium Disaster
Date: 1 February 2012
Location: Port Said Stadium, Egypt
Death Toll: 79

      Hei hi chu Nikum hmasa lawka Egypt-a thil thleng a ni. Egypt mipuite rothap zia leh an thinrim tawh chuan hriamhrei eng chi pawh lek an hre lo thin tih kan hre theuh awm e.
Al Masry vs Al-Ahly inkhel a ni a, heath hian Al Masry chu 3-0 in an chak a(Al Masry and Al-Ahly hi club in hmelma, inhal tak leh tun hma pawha lo inti buai fo tawh thin an ni). Al Masry fans sapatal chuan Al-Ahly fans ho chu deuhsawh takin an bei a, chemte, bottle ruak leh hriamhrei dang ten nen fans bakah an player te thlengin an khawih a ni. Hemi tumah hian mi 79 in an thih phah a, mi 1000 chuang an hliam bawk.
Port Said Stadium Disaster

5. The Guatemala Disaster 
Date: 16 October 1996
Location: Mateo Flores National Stadium, Guatemala City, Guatemala 
Death Toll: 80+

       Guatemala vs Costa Rica ten World cup qualifying an khel a. CNN in a report danin hemi tum hian fake ticket hralh teuh ani a, mipui 45000 lenna ah mipui 60000 zet an pungkhawm ani. CNN chuan a mawhphur tu ber chu FIFA a ni ti in a dem hle a, ticket hralh chungchangah an fimkhur loh thu a tarlang bawk. He chhiatna hi mipui innek buai avang bawka thleng a ni a. Prosecutor lar tak Victor Hugo Perez a chuan mi 83 aia tlem lo an thi niin a sawi a, fire department chuan mi 78 an thi tiin a report ve thung a, repoet thenkhatah chuan mi 84 tih a ni bawk.
 Guatemala Disaster

4. The Katmandu Disaster
Date: 12 March 1988
Location: National Stadium, Katmandu, Nepal
Death Toll: 93

      Hei hi kan thenawm ram Nepal-a thil thleng a ni. Nepal vs Bangladesh inkhel a ni a, inkhelh laklawh lain thlipui leh ruahpui a rawn sur hum hum mai le, vur tlang lian pui pui a tla bawk a, entu mipui pungkawm mi 30000 chuang te chu hlauin an tlan chhia a, Exit pariat a awma mahse pakhat chauh a inhawn avangin an innek buai ta a ni, He chhiatna hian police officer 2 pawhin nunna an chan a, mitthi zawng zawng hi 93 niin report thenkhat chuan a tarlang.
The Katmandu Disaster

3. The Hillsborough Disaster
Date: 15 April 1989
Location: Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield, England
Death Toll: 96.

       Hei hi chu EPL en thin te chuan kan hre fu awm e, a bik takin Liverpool fans te chuan kan hre chiang khawp ang. 
     HILLSBOROUGH DISASTER hi 15 April 1989 a Hillsborough stadium a Liverpool V Nottingham forest in FA cup semi final an khelh ṭuma mipui innek buai avanga chhiatna rapthlak tak lo thleng a ni a, ahmunah hian mi 96 an thih bakah mi 766 zetin hliam an tuar a ni. An vai hian Liverpool fans deuh vek an ni bawk.
      He chhiatna rapthlak tak lo thleng hi football khawvela British record ani a, "one of the worst ever international football accidents" tiin an sawi ṭhin bawk.
He semi final inkhel hi dar 3:00pm a ṭan tura ruahman a ni a,POlice te chuan Nottingham forest fans te chu Spion Kop End(21000 capacity) side lama awm turin an ruahman a. Fans ngah zawk liverpool fans te chu Leppings Lane End(14600 capacity) lama awm tura ruahman a ni. Police te thu tluka diklo tak leh a fans ngah zawk seat an pe tlem zawk chu liverpool fans te an lungawi ta lova,nottingham forest fans te nen inkal pawh luai2in buaina a lo chhuak ta a ni.
      Mipui sahawk thinrim chuan fencing ti chhia in tunnel chhunga an lut ta huai huai a ṭhutna tura an ruahman terrace in a tuar ta lova a chim ta rum rum mai a ni.
He chhiatna rapthlak tak thleng hi khawvela football club tam zawk te chuan pawi a ti in liverpool football club a tuar pui tak zet2 a. Liverpool hmelma hlun Everton meuh pawn a tuar pui thu a thawn a ni.
The Hillsborough Disaster


2. The Ghana Disaster
Date: 9 May 2001
Location: Accra Sports’ Stadium, Accra, Ghana
Death Toll: 126

      Accra Hearts of Oak vs Asante Kotoko ten premier league(EPL ni lo) an khel a. Mipui sahawk nasa lutk chuan stadium chhunga thutna(seat) tamtak an thlawn avangin police chuan tear gas an kapchhuak a. Mipui 70000 zet pungkhawm mangang chuan chhuahna an zawnga an innek buai phah ta vak mai a ni. Mita hmutu thenkhatte sawi dan chuan police te chet dan chu atthlak an tih thu an sawi. Heti hunlai hian chhuahna(Exit) zawng zawng chu pakhatmah hawn a nih loh thu an sawi bawk a ni.
      He buaina a intan lai vel hian Accra Hearts of Oak hian 2-1 hma an hruai mek a ni. Mi 126 zetin nunna an chana mipui tamtakin hliam an tuar bawk.
 The Ghana Disaster


1. The National Stadium Disaster
Date: 24 May 1964
Location: National Stadium, Lima, Peru
Death Toll: 318.

      Football avanga khawvel history a chhiatna rapthlak ber la ni mek kum 1964 a Peru thil thleng hi tawi te in I han bihchiang ve teh ang. Amarawhchu, he chhiatna thlen dan kimchang tak hi sawi thei an awm hauh lo hi thilmak tak pakhat chu a ni ve hrim hrim.
    Kum 1964 a ni a, Mizoram buaihma deuh kha a ni. Peru vs Argentina chuan Olympic qualifying match an khel a, hemi te ram pahnih hi South America lam chhuak ve ve, hmakhawsang atang tawha ram inhal leh intihbuai cho at at reng an ni. 
     Inkhel an tan hma hauha boruak sosang nghal at kha a ni reng a. Chutah inkhel an tan chiah a 2mins a ral tihin Peru lamin Goal an thun ta mai le..Peru fans lah chu hlima lawmin an sapatal ta chiam chiam mai le. Mahse inkhel thunun tu Referee in goal ah a pawm tlat lo. Peruvian ho hlimna leh lawman chu thinurna ah a rawn inlet ta thung a. Inkhel a buaia mipui an buai chhunzawm. Mipuiin stadium chhunga bungrua te a tih chhiat theih apiang an tichhia a an thrutna an thlawna stadium chhunga darthlalang te an vawm keh ta chua chuai a. Chutah police lamin an tih tur an ti ve ta, tear gas an kapchhuak a, mipui thenkhat field chhungah an tlan lut bawk a an buai ta nuai nuai mai a ni. He chhiatna avang hian mihring 318 zetin an nunna an chan a, mi 500 chuangin hliam an tuar bawk a ni.
      He Peru chhiatna hi The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time tih bu ah pawh telh a ni nghe nghe. 
The National Stadium Disaster

(Source : Hruaitea Ralte rcbl @ Thu Ngaihnawm Huang.  Picture collected by the Author)
INNER LINE PERMIT

      A tua pawh hian ILP kan ti sek a,enge anihna tak kan lo hriat chian loh tak in ILP chungchang tlem kan ziak ang e.
A. Enge ILP chu?
     -Pawn lam mi ten heng state MiNA (Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh) ah an zin dawn in ILP hi an nei tur ani.
      -India khua leh tui pawh ni mahse ILP nei lo chuang heng state ah te hian an zin thei lo.
      -He provision hi British ho in Bengal Frontier Provision Act,1873 hmanga an siam ani.
     -Pawn lam mi ran zin te hian heng state atang hian heng-rubber, wax, ivory or other forest product (or any book, diary, manuscript, map, picture, photograph, film, curio or article of religious or scientific interest te hi an lak phal ani lo.
     -He provision siam anih chhan chu indigenous te venhim nan ani.

B.  A implication thenkhat te :
     -He ILP hi zin emaw tlawh (travel and tour) tan chiah a pek chhuah tur ani a,awm hlen nana pek tur ani lo.
     -Pawn lam miten property an lei thei lo.
     -Inter-caste marriages hi theih loh anga ngaih thin ni mahse tunah chuan hemi ah tak hi chuan awmzia a nei lem ta lo.
     -Heng provision(ILP) hian central govt.employee leh security personnel te ahuam lo.

C. Engatinge Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh te chauh in kan neih?
    -MiNA (Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh) kan tih mai te hi British hnuaia awm te an ni a,Mahse Manipur kha chu lal awpna (princely state) anih vang in British ho khan an an pe ve lo. Meghalaya hi chu an mahni in an duh loh mai bak ah CM Mukul Sangma in House ah Colonial Act hlui deuh illegal immigrants ven nana tangkai lo neih a tul a ti lova tin hei aia dan tha an siam tur a sawi. Tin Assam pawh tribal state a puan anih ve loh vang ani. Tripura ah pawh a ngai lo.
    -Manipur pawh khan ILP ang deuh system of Permits/ passports an nei a mahse kum 1951 khan hlih ani.
     -Manipur Sawrkar chuan House ah kum 2012 khan ILP neih an ngiat.
    -Meghalaya state pawh hian 3-tier ID card an siam a,chu chu immigrants ten an nei tur ani a,chuan pawn lam miten property an nei thiang lo bawk in contractor tu pawh immigrants 5 aia tam an chhawr chuan state ah an in register a ngai.

D.  ILP neih a tulna te :
    -Independence zawh khan illegal immigrants leh state dang atang in an rawn lut teuh a chu chuan local mi te nen hna ani emaw election,zirna leh sumdawnna ah competition a siam.
    -Hemi vang hian state tin te demographic structure chu a ti danglam a,chu chuan reservation leh quato kan neih te a ti bo emaw thei.
    -Ram pawn leh state pawn atanga rawn lut te vang hian nasa tak in crime rate a pung.
    -Tin heng pawnlam mite hia hna an thawh in local rate aiin an tlawm zawk a chu chuan local mite tan harsatna a siam thin.
    -ILP hian midang te rawn luh a phal lo ani lova,mahse khawnge an awm leh enge an tih awlsam tak in a hriat theih.
    -Minority te humhalh hi constitution ah chiang tak in a chuang a,chu chu dan mil thlap ani bawk.

E. Harsatna awmte
   -NE chu kawng engkim ah kan hnufual a,chuvang in state pawn atanga mithiam rawn lut turte tan harsatna awm thin.
    -Migration hi chu India ram pumpui problem ani.
   -Border Security System hi tih changtlun chuan illegal immigration problem hi a sutkian theih.
   -MiNA (Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh) ten ILP an nei a,NE state dang nei lo ten an duh in an dil mek a,political propaganda anih theih avang in ram inpumkhatna (national integration) tan a him lo thei.
(Source : Charlie Tlau @ Mizo Thinkers, Scholars and Researchers)


Thursday 24 July 2014

WORLD’S FAMOUS LEGENDS
     Khawnge tun tum chu khawvel pum huap a thawnthu (Legend) lar tling pha, a tak tak ni a an ngaih deuh si mahse thu diktak an chhui chhuah theih tawh chiah si loh thenkhat te chanchin leh an chhui dan chanchin hi thui deuhhlekin lawr khawm ang aw..

     ROBIN HOOD: Robin Hood-a thawnthu ngaihnawm em em mai,film ah pawh a an siam nasat,amah ngaina tu ten a tak tak awm ngeia an pawm ngheh hmiah RUKRU LALPA tih hial a koh, mi hausa te sum leh pai rawk sak a, mi rethei te hnen a a ruk sa pe thin, thal kah thiam Robin Hood (A tak tak ah a awm nge thawnthu mai mai a ni zawk?) Khawvel thawnthu a lar em hmingthang,Sheriff of Notingham leh a ho ten a an buaipui em em mai Robin Hood-a hi a tak tak ah a lo awm ve reng em, a awm anih chuan tunge a nih chiah le???
     1882 khan Francis James child chuan a lehkhabu 'English and Scottish popular ballads' tih ah chuan Robin Hood-a chanchin hi dawt phuahchawp mai mai a ni e a ti tlat mai a. Mahse hemi chungchang a research bei tute erawh chuan a tak tak behchhan engemaw nei ngei in an ring thung. Kum zabi 15 na lai bawr vel khan Robin Hood-a chanchin kimchang hi 'Lyttle Geste of Robyn Hode' tih ah a rawn lang tan a.Hetah hian Sheriff of Notingham te, a pawl te ho 'merrie men' te, Little John te an rawn lang tan in... mi hausa sum an rawk a, mirethei te hnena an pek thin thu te a rawn lang tan a.Tin, an khawsakna hmun hi Yorkshire a Barnesdale forest ve ni in tarlan a ni bawk.
     Robin Hood-a thawnthu hi kum zabi 14 na lai vel atanga rawn lar tan a ni a, chuti anih chuan hemi hmalam daih hian a lo awm tawh anih zirchiang tute chuan an ngai bawk a ni. Kum 1228 leh 1230 khan 'manorial rolls' ah leh 'local records' ah te chuan mi pakhat Robert Hood-a sawrkar laka hel a mi te rawk a mirethei te hnena pe thin a awm thu ziahlan ani a-mahse hei hi a rin tlak vak loh nachhan chu khatih hun lai khan Robert Hood tih chu hming common tak mai a ni tlat mai.Tin, a thawnthu ho reng renga buaithlak deuh mai awm chu a thawnthu a English lal rawn lang ve te hun in kar-kik lutuk hi a ni. A thawnthu a King Richard (Richard the Lion Heart) rawn lang hi 1189-1199 inkar vel ami a ni a. Tin, a thawnthu ami tho Edward lll hi 1307-1327 inkar vel ami ani daih thung a. Tin, King Henry lll kha Robin Hood-a hian a tanpui ni a sawi a ni a, King Henry kha 1265 bawr vel ami a ni daih bawk si a.A hun hi a in hne rem thei lo em em mai a ni.
     Robin Hood-a thawnthu innghahna,amah ni thei awmang ta ber chu kum zabi 14 na lai vel ami Robert Hood-a, Wakefield Yorkshire a awm,1322 kum a Earl of Lancaster laka hel, an 'forest law' a bawhchhiat vanga dan pawna hnawhchhuah leh Scots ho dona a tha a thawh that duhloh avanga a in leh lo an chhuhsak chu ani.Robert Hood hi a awmang fu a,tin, a hunlai pawh hi King Edward lll a hunlai ami anih bakah an lal chanchin chhinchhiahna ah chuan King Edward lll chuan outlaw rukru pakhat Robert Hood chu a khawnbawl atana a lakluh thu a lo inziak ve bawk a ni. He Robert Hood-a hi thawnthu a Robin Hood-a an behchhanna ber niin an ngai a ni. Robin Hood thawnthu ah hian Maid Marian te Friar Tuck te hi kum zabi 16 na hnu lam a phuah belh tel ve chauh an ni bawk. Mi thenkhat chuan Robin Hood-a leh a pawl te hi 'gay' pawl pakhat a huhova awm, khaw chhunga an awm ve an phalloh avanga ramhnuaia khawsa ta angin an sawi ve tlat mai bawk.
     Tin, Robin Hood ni thei awm anga an ngaih leh langsar deuh dang te chu Sir Robert Thwing-a, a pawlte nen a puithiam ho awmkhawmna monastary te suam a, an thil lak te mi rethei te hnena sem thin leh Robert Fitzhooth-a 'earl of Huntington' 1160 vel a piang a 1247 vel a thi ta te hi an ni. Historian thenkhat te phei chuan Robert Fitzhooth-a pian kum leh thih kum hi Robin Hood-a pian kum leh thih kum angin an sawi hmiah nghe nghe a ni. A enga pawh chu nise Robin Hood tak tak hi a awm emaw awmlo emaw, heng kan han sawi tak tu emaw ber hi an behchhan an ni emaw nilo emaw kan hre tak tak lo na a,tun thleng hian khawvel thawnthu ngaihnawm ber pakhat chu ala ni ta fan a ni..


Robinhood

     ATLANTIS: Kum 3500 chuang zet a liam ta. Nipui lai a ni a, khua a thiang nuam em em a, naupang te pawh an infiam sap sap a. Khua a lo tlai a, zan a lo ni a, chu nipui boruak nuam tak chu a lo danglam zo ta. Chu thliarkar tereuhte vel ah chuan tui chu a so phul ta bulh bulh mai a, tuipui chhungril atang chuan khawpui ri ang takin a ri dur dur mai a, lir te a nghing tan ta. Meikhu chhah tak chuan an thliarkar chu a tuam phui ta mup mai, tlangkang nasa tawk in a zui, mei leh kat a sur ta. Chutah thil puak nasa tak a lo awm ta. Leikak mel 37 a zau zet chu a rawn insiam ta ruah mai. Chu leikakah chuan tuifinriat tui chu a rawn lut ta hum hum mai a, thliarkar lian lo tak, nuam tak mai chu tuifinriat mawngah chuan a mi cheng te nen chuan an pil ta daih mai.
     Hei hi Greek philosopher Plato an a lehkhabu ‘Timaeus and Caritas’ tih a 428 - 348 BC inkar vel a thliarkar pakhat a mi cheng te leh an khawsak pawh changkang tak Atlantis chanchin a lo ziah dan; tun thlenga mi tamtak te ngaihtuahna tibuaitu chu a lo ni ta a ni. Plato a sawidan chuan Atlantis chu Vanram tlafual hi a ni ngawt mai a. Thliarkar pharh nuam tak, phul hring dup mai leh tlangdung nalh takin a hual vel a ni. Ramsa chi hrang hrang an cheng a, dar te orichalc? (Mizotawng in kan nei lo) te a tam a, lunghlu leh rangkachak leh silver te pawh an ngah viau a ni. An khawpui chu hmun 5 ah fel takin a kual in a inthen thlap a. Kulh in a hual chhuak veka, kulh pawn ah chuan tui luan kualna an siam leh vek a, kulh chhung chu lawng lo chuan luh ngaihna awm lo a, tin, kulh kawngkhar tha tak an nei thlap bawk a. An kulh luh chiah ah chuan an leilet hmun zau tak chuan a kual in an khawpui chu a hual chhuak vek a, chutah tui an luan kual tir leh vek a, lung leh dar vel a siam kulh thuahhnih na chu alo awm leh a, chumi dawtah chuan an sumdawnna hmun te, sakawr intlansiakna te a awm leh a, an sipai hmun te pawh a awm bawk a. Tichuan, tui luan kualna dang a lo awm leh a, a kual thumna chu, chumi dawt ah chuan kulh thuah thumna lung leh thir a siam chu a lo awm leh bawk a ni. Chumi hmunah chuan an chenna hmun ber chu a awm a; tin, a kual li na ala awm cheu, chumi dawtah chuan an thliarkar chhungril ber an Lal In leh ‘Temple of Poseidon’ awmna chu a lo awm ta.

     Ignatius Donnely chuan 1882 kum a a lehkhakbu ziah, ‘Atlantis: The Antediiluvian World’ tih ah chuan Atlantis a mi cheng te changkan zia te, an thiamna san zia te, tin, indo an thiam zia te, sumdawnna lam a khawvel an tuam chuah hneh zia te a ziak nghek mai a. Heng Atlantis chanchin hi mi hrang hrang in an ziak nual a, an chhui nasa a, Atlantology subject hial a lo piang a, heng a zir mi te ho leh chancin ziak ho hian Plato-a lehkhabu ziak atanga an lak, an zeldin thubawl chhoh kual vel a ni tlangpui.
     Atlantis hi 12000 BC vel bawr ami ni in Straits of Giaraltar vel a awm ni in Plato hian a sawi. Tin, Plato hian Atlantis chanchin hi Greek mifing Solan 640 - 558 BC hnen atanga a hriat ni in a sawi a. Solan hian Egyptian puithiam pakhat hnen atang a hriat ni in a sawi thung. Tichuan, tunlai mithiam ten Atlantis awmna awm chu hmuhchhuah tum in tuifinriat hmun hrang hrang chu an dap ta char char mai le. Chuti khawpa civilization ropui chu hmuhchhuah an tum nasa mai; mahse an hlawhchham tlat. Plato chuan Atlantis chu Atlantic tuipui a awmah a ngai a, zirtu tam tak chuan Azores thliarkar te, Cape Verde Island te, Canaries leh Maderia te hi Atlantis thiarkar pil ta atanga tlang rawn lawr chhuak ah an ngai bawk. An han zir an han zir a Atlantis hnuhma awm reng reng an hmuchhuak thei ta hauh lo. Kum zabi 15 na lai vel a khawvel map lem siamtu te pawn Atlantis hi an tilang tel a, mahse an ngaihruatna mai mai a ni. Mi tamtak ngaihdanah chuan Atlantis hi thawnthu ang deuh mai maiah an ngai tawh a, mahse mi hran hran tuipuitu, atchilhtu hi an tam anla tam a. Atlantis chungchang ziahna lehkhabu ringawt pawh hi 25000 chuang zet chu awm tawh a ngaih a ni.
     American psychic pakhat Edgar Cayce chuan a hnena rawn kal thin tam tak te chu Atlantis ami te rawn piang nawn leh an ni e a lo ti ve mek bawk a. Tin, 1968 khan Dr Valentine chuan North Bimini thliarkar a tui hnuai ah bang ang tak te, kawng ang tak te a hmuchhuak tlat mai. Heng a thil hmuhchhuah te hi Atlantis lam a tui mi te chuan hmanlai Atlantis pil ta ah khan an ngai hmiah. Mahse an han zir chhianga nithei in an hre leh ta lo. Atlantis hi a awm tak tak em, tak tak lo em tih finfiahna tun thleng hian ala awm thei lo a, a tui mi te chuan an la zir reng a, Plato-a dawt phuah chawp mai mai hi an lo buaipui vak nge tih pawh hriat va ni suh. Engpawh nise mi tamtak chuan sum leh pai pawh in sen huam in an la buaipui zel dawn ni in a lang.
Atlantis

     EL-DORADO: Rangkachak khawpui El-Dorado hming hi chu hrelo kan awm awm love. Eldorado khawvel ina a hmelhriat tanna chu 1530 kum a Spanish adventurer Francisco Pizaro leh a ho ten Inca ho ro zawng chhuak tura an kal tum in Sebastian de Belacazar-a Inca ho leh Quito, Ecuador khopui hmuchhuak tu in Inca hovin an hnam pakhat ho Lal chu Rangkachak a an chulh khah vek a dil pakhat a an pathian biaknana a inbual thin an sawi ahriat atangin hriat alo hlawh a.
     Hei hi thawnthu anga a hriat nimahse hun reiloteah mihring te duhamna nen, hausak duh na nen, a thawnthu chu sawi dan alo danglam hret hret a, RANGKACHAK KHAWPUI. Rangkachak mihring, rangkachak hmun Eldorado thawnthu chu a lo piang chhuak ta a. Mi tam tak a zawng tur in an chhuak a, tam tak in an nunna an sum leh pai an chan phah bawk. 
     Eldorado zawng a thawk chhuak hmasa ber chu Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada ani. 1536 khan mi 900 chuang hruai in Columbia ram pilril chu an fang ta. An tum ber chu Chibcha hnam ho zawn chhuah a Eldorado zawn chhuah chu ani. An tum ang ngawt ani ta hauh lo mai. Hnam mawl ho in an lo bei a, tin malaria vang te ransa seh vang te hn an thi ta teuh mai. Chibehas khua an thlen hma in tamtak an thi hman ani. Tichuan Chibcha hnam ho thawnthu te lakhawm in Lake Guatavita an pan ta.

     Chibchas ho thawnthuah chuan an lal chu lathutthlenga a thut dawn in amah chu thil ban takin an zut chhuak vek a, tichuan rangkachak an bel khat vek a, mau pumah chuangin rangkachak tamtak nen Lake Guatavita ah chuan an pathian hnen a inthawina leh thil pek hlan turin a kal thin..rangkachak a tuam chhuah vek anih avang hian Eldorado 'rangkachak mihring' tih a ni..Rangkachak khawpui lam anilo. Quesada leh a ho te pawh chu Lake Guatavita chu an va thleng a dil thuk tak chu dap in rangkachak tlemte bak an va hmulo. Mahse mihring duhamna hian chinlem aneilo aniang chu Quesada chu ala hlawhchham duh tlat lo. 1568 khan mi 2800 zet te nen ama khawpui hmuhchhuah Bogota chu chhuahsan in Eldorado chu an chhuahsan leh ta. Kum3 zet an zawn hnu ah hlawhchham in an kir leh ta.Mahse mi tamtak an beidawng duh chuang lo. Columbia lam nilovin Guyana lam an zawng ve leh tan ta thung a.
     Kum 1584 khan Amazon governor Antonio de Berrio chu central Guyana lam zawng turin a thawk chhuak ve leh ta. Ani ngaihdan chuan Guyna a dil pakhat tlang ina a hual vel bulah a awm a ring ani..mahse 1591 thleng khan vawi thum ngawt a zawng a, a beidawng der. Heta a vah velna ah hian Trinidad ah English mitha Sir Walter Raleigh nen an intawng a Eldorado chanchin chu a hrilh a Queen Elizabeth-I beng a thleng ve ta rup mai le.
     Queen Elizabeth-I chuan Sir Walter Raleigh chu Eldorado zawng chhuak turin a ti ta..mahse ani pawh a ho te nen an rawn beidawng haw der a, phiarru leh eiru a puh ni in man ala ni zui a, thi tura a chungthu rel a ni bawk, mahse a chungthu hi an suspend rih a vawikhat a zawn hna chu an neih tir leh a mahse a hlawhchham leh tak avangin 1618 khan english miropui chu a lu an tan ta hmaks mai..mahse ani thihna hian midang ala ti beidwng chuang lo.
     Eldorado zawn chu mi hrang hrangin an chhunzawm zel a.Sir Raleigh an ama journal ziak 'Discovery of the Empire of Guyana' tih a a sawi Lake Parima bul ah imperial city of Manoa a awm a chu chu ani rangkachak khawpui chu ti a a ziah beh chhan chuan mi tamtak in an zawng leh ta mahse hlawhtling an awm lo..Spanish ho an rawn che chhuak ve leh ta. Spanish ho Eldorado expedition hnuhnung ber chu Diez de la Fuenet a ho in ani a. Coroni lui atangin south east Venezeuela lam a thawk chhuak in hmun thum ah an in sem darh a, lake Parima pawh chu an pawh tep a mahse Indians ho beihna avangin an kir leh ta a, hei hi Spanish ho in Eldorado an zawn tawpna chu a ni ta…mahse ala tawp lo nasa mai.
     Kum zabi thar a lo in her chuan mi ten Eldorado awm tak tak leh tak tak loh chu rinhlehna an nei tan ta. Mahse sawi ve tur ting chuan eng engemaw rangkachak a siam chhar zeuh zeuh chu a awm ve leh bawk si. 1969 khan South America a Bogota bul a puk a hnathawk ho in mau pum lem a lai a milim rangkachak a siam leh thil dang dang lem awm an chhar ve leh ta nawlh mai. He pum lem hi lake Siecha atanga kum zabi19 na lai a an chhar spanish ho leh british ho in zawm kawp ina an hawn tak nen a inang chiah a ni.
     British mi Humboldt leh Bonpland te chu 1912 khan lake Guatavita lamah bawk an thawk chhuak ve leh ta. British company Contractors Ltd chuan hmanraw changkang nen Lake Guatavita chu an pump kang ta vek mai..chuta an thil hmuhchhuah chu dum zinga rangkachak tlemte an senso pawh khuh zo lo a ni mai. Henga an hmuhchhuah hi Bogota a milim puka an hmuhchhuah man chanve pawh kha a hen lo a ni. Tichuan Eldorado hmuhchhuah tumna chu alo reh ve ta tial tial a ni. Mahse tun thleng hian mi thenkhat a  tak tak a a awm ring tawk leh zawn hmuh tum tawk chu an la awm reng tho a ni....


Eldorado

     THE PIED PIPER OF HAMELIN: Naupan lai a sikul a kan zir thin THE PIED PIPER OF HAMELIN kha thawnthu mai mai angah kan lo ngai thin a, mahse Historian ho chuan a taka thil thleng ngei behchhan ni in an ngai tlat mai. Kum 1284 a ni a Hamelin khua Lower Saxony, Germany ah chuan sazu hi a pung chiam mai a, a khaw mipui te chu an mangang em em mai a. A khaw mipui te chuan chung sazu te chu a ti bo thei apiang hnenah rangkachak coins ip khat pek an tiam ta ringawt mai a. Tichuan, phenglawng tum tu pakhat hi a rawn kal a, a phenglawng chu an tum a; tichuan sazu zawng zawng te chu an rawn chhuak a phenglawng tumtu chu an zui ta dum dum mai a. Ani chuan lui ah a hruai a, sazu ho chu tuiah an tla hlum ta vek a; tichuan, phenglawng tum tupa chuan a lawmman chu lak an tum chuan Hamelin khaw mipui te chuan an pe duh ta hauh lo mai a, pek a hnekin an lo nuihsawh ta hlauh zawk a, phenglawng tum tu chu thinrim takin a chhuak a, a phenglawng chu an tum leh ta a. Hemi tum hi chuan sazu nilovin an khaw naupang zawng zawng chu an rawn chhuak a, Pied Piper chu lam chungin an zui ta a. Ani chuan a hruai zel a, Koppen tlang an thlen chuan tlang chu alo inhawng a, tah chuan naupang te chu a luh pui ta vek a; an luh zawh vek hnu chuan tlang chu a inkhar leh a; tichuan, Pied Piper leh naupang te chu an bo hlen ta a ni. An mahni zingah chuan naupang kebai pakhat hnufum deuh bik hi a tel ve a, chu naupang chu a lut ve hman lo va amah chiah chu khua a kir leh awm chhun a ni ta a ni. Hetiang hi zirlai a kan zir dan thin chu anih kha. Thawnthu mai mai chu a ang viau na a he thil hi thil thleng ngei ni in an hre tlat mai. An han chhui chian hian he thil thlen ni hi June ni 26, 1284 kum a thleng ni in an hre tlat mai.
     Hamelin ah hian Bungleon Strasse an tih kawtthlerah chuan tun thleng hian khawlai a phenglawng tum an la khap a; tin, he thil thlen dan leh a ni leh thla te khi chiang takin an la tar reng bawk. 1982 khan Maurice Shadbolt chuan Hamelin a thil thleng chanchin hi a chhui chian na lam ah zirtirtu hlui hemi chungchang lo chhui char char thin Hans Dobbertin nen an intawng hlauh mai a, Dobbertin-a sawi dan chuan medieval hunlai khan Germany ram tam tak chu Slav ho leh Hungarian ho thuhnuaiah a awm a, chung Slav ho te leh Hungarian ho te nen a inkungkaihna nei tha tak mai pakhat Count Nicholas von Spiegelberg chu a awm a. Hepa hian Hamelin khaw naupang ho chu Hungary lam ah hlawh tha tak nei a hnathawk tura thlem chhuak in a hruai a, lawng ah chuan puiin an lawng chu Pomeranian vaukam bul a khaw pakhat Kopahn an tih bulah a pil palh ta a, naupang ho leh Spiegelberg-a te chu tuiah chuan an tlahlum ta vek ni in a ngai a ni. Spiegelberg-a hi July ni 8, 1284 ah hmuh hnuhnun ber a ni a, an hmuh na hi Baltic port a Stettin ah a ni a, helam pang hi German colonizers hovin a an veivah na lam anih bakah a inchei dan pawh thawnthu a Pied Piper inchei dan nen khan a inang chiah a ni. Sazu vel chungchang ah kha chuan English rat catcher an tih ho hian hamrik ri sang tak sazu te koh chhuah nan an hmang thin a, chutiang deuh chuan Pied Piper hian phenglawng hi a hmang anih an ring bawk a.
     Hun te a lo kal zel hian thil ataka thleng chu thawnthu ang deuhva sawi in Kopahn khua te pawh chu Koppen ti in an lo sawi danglam chho ta zel ni in an ngai a ni. Chuvangin PIED PIPER OF HAMELIN thawnthu hi a taka thil theng ngei behchhan a phuah ngei ni in an ring tlat a ni. Tin, a naupang hruai bo zat hi 130 ngei ni in an hre bawk.
The pied piper of Hamelin

     THE LEGEND OF CAPTAIN KIDD’S TREASURES: Hmanlai thawnthu hlui ngaina deuh chuan Captain Kidd-a chanchin hi kan hre fur maithei a, lawng suamhmang hmingthang, nunrawng leh pawisak neilo,lawng tamtak suam a, mi nunna tamtak la thin mi hlauhawm a sawi a ni a, tin, a ro hlu ruk khawm sa te pawh khawi thliarkar ah emaw phum ru a sawi ani bawk thin a ni. Captain Kidd-a ro phum ruk hi tun thleng hian zawng tawk an la awm reng nghe nghe a ni. Captain Kidd-a hi Scotland ah 1645 khan chhungkaw khawsak harsa tak atangin a lo piang chhuak a. 1690 ah New York ah pem in sawrkar hnuai ah vaukam hrul vel chu hmelma lawng laka venghim turin a thawk thin a. Amah hi mi zah kai tak ni in hmeithai hausa tak mai pakhat nupuiah a nei a. In ropui tak Trinity Church bulah a nei bawk a tin sumdawnna thil leh politics lamah pawh inhnamhnawih in New York Assembly meuh pawh in pa zahawma a puan hial ani ve a ni.
     1695 khan sumdawnna thil a London a a kal chu British sawrkar chuan Indian Ocean leh Red Sea huam chhunga pirates ho ten lawng te an suam tur lo venghim tu tur leh pirates a hmuh apiang man turin an ruai ta a.Mahse he hna ah hian CAPTAIN KIDD-A hi a hlawhtling hranpa vak lo aniang pirates a hmuh ho te pawn an bum a an tlanbo san... .zel mai a. A lawnga a mi chhawr te chu an fuh vak lo nge ni a lawng pawh chu rei vaklo ah a lo awngrawpin patek in a bawh deuh luk ta mai a, a lawngmi chhawr ho tamtak lah chu santen vangin an la thi zui leh ta nghal a.Tichuan a hna ah a hlawhtling hleithei lo nen a beidawng tan ta deuh. Pirates ho man tum a vai vai ai chuan amah chu pirate a tan ve a sumdawng lawng vel suam ve mai chu hlawk zawk dawn a hriat avangin 1697 khan Comoro Islands lamah kalin lawng suam hna chu a tan ve ta a.
     Pirate a a inleh atanga a lawng suam hmasak ber Yemen lam atanga lawnglian coffee phur chu a hlawhchham chiang kher mai. Mahse hemi hnu hian lawng tenau deuh hlek chu a suam hlawhtling ve ta nual mai a. A chetthatna ber pakhat chu 1698 a Armenian ho lawng lian a suam tum in a ni. Hemi tum hian ro hlu tam tak a ruh bakah a lawng chhe tawh tak leh an lawng la tha tak chu a thlakthleng hmak mai bawk.
     Tichuan CAPTAIN KIDD-A pirate a a inleh thu chu a lo tlang thang ta thuai a tichuan amah chuan an man anga an khaihlum mai ang tih hlauvin a lawng hman lai chu 1699 khan West Indies ah hnutchhiahin lawng thar a lei a, a ro hlu zawng zawng te chu thukru in amah insawifel tumin New York lam a pan leh ta a. New York a thlen chuan thuneitu te hnenah kalin a ho te a lakah hel a a duhlo chung a ho te tur luihna avanga pirate a in let ta mai angin a insawi ta a. Mahse thuneitu te chuan an lo pawm ta awzawng lo mai a. Captain Kidd-a chu an man a, tanin hnawng hrehawm zet maiah an tan tir ta a...
     A chung thu an relna ah chuan, lawng suamhmang ang leh a ho te that a puh ani a, Captain Kidd-a ve thung chuan British sawrkar phalna in French ho lawng tihbuai theihna permit a nei a ni tiin a tang ve thung a. He a permit hi roreltu te chuan an han dil chuan a hmuzo ta lova, tin a lawng suam ho hi French ho lawng ani vek bawk si lova tichuan Captain Kidd-a chu thiamloh chantirin May 30,1701 khan an khaihlum ta a ni..
     An khaihlum hnu hian a ro phum tamtak hi Gardiners Island an tih, New York a Long Island bulah-hmuhchhuah a ni a, mahse ro hlu tam tak hmun danga la phumbo anga sawi anih avangin tun thleng hian Captain Kidd-a ro phumruk hi zawng tawk an la awm ta reng a ni. Mak deuh mai chu a chungthu an rel lai a a lehkha hmuhzawh loh hi a hnu fe ah amah an manna hmun Boston a thuneitute office ah an hmu chhuak leh tlat mai a. Hei vang hian Captain Kidd-a chungthu relna ah hian engemaw diklo chu a inphumru ngei niin a chanchin chhuitu te chuan an ngai a ni..


Captain Kidd

     WOOLPIT KHUA A NAUPANG HRING: King Stephen a rorel lai AD 1135 - 54 khan nikhat chu Woolpit thingtlang khua tetakte, Suffolk ami ah chuan a khaw mi ho ina Chinghne man nan a thang an kam na thin hmun pakhat bul ah chuan hmeichhe naupang pakhat leh mipa naupang pakhat lo awm hi an chhar nawlh mai a. Heng an naupang chhar te hi an danglam hle mai a, an inchei na chu chulai vel ami te inchei dan ang ani miah lo a; tin, mak deuh mai chu an vun chu hnimhnah ang mai hian a hring vek bawk. An tawng an hrethiam lo bawk.
     Tichuan, chung naupang pahnih te chu a bul hnai a ram neitu pakhat Sir Richard de Calne in ah chuan an hruai a, ani chuan a lo awmpui ta nghal a. A tirah chuan rei tak chhung chu chung naupang pahnih te chuan bean hring bak engmah an ei duh lo a. Kum khat pawh a tlin hma chuan mipa naupang zawk chu a thi ta mai a. Hmeichhe naupang zawk erawh chu alo lian ve hret hret a, kum a lo rei chuan a vun hring vek te pawh chu a lo reh a, English tawng te zir in a lo nulat hnu phei chuan Norfolk lam mi pasal a nei ta nghe nghe a ni.
     Tichuan, chu nu chuan an chanchin chu heti hian a sawi ta a: An rawn kalna khua chu St Martin's Land tih a ni a, ni a sa ve ngailova, zan a awm lo bawk a, khua hi a eng ruai reng ringawt a. Nikhat chu an ran te an tlat tir a, an zuina lamah puk pakhatah hian an lut a; tichuan, puk tawpa an chhuah chuan ni eng awmna hmun ah an rawn chhuak ta ani tiin a sawi. Tun hnu ah hian heng naupang hring te chanchin hi an han chhui ngial a, mahse hun a rei tawh a, han chhui zui tur a tam lo khawp mai.
     Thenkhat ngaihdan chuan natna chi khat Anemia an vei anga chu chuan an vun a ti hring aniang te an ti a, mahse Anemia vei nazawng an vun a hring bawk si lo. Rin thu mai mai bak chu mithiam te pawn han sawi vak tur an hrelo. Tin, heng lai vel ah hian puk thuk tak tak a tawp pawh hriat mamang loh a tam em em bawk. Heng naupang te hriatrengna hi tun thleng hian Woolpit khuah hia hmuhtheihin ala awm reng a ni…Khawi lam atanga rawn kal tak ni ang maw…????


Woolpit child lem an ziah

     QUEEN OF SHEBA: Kan Bible a lang pha ve ngat Sheba lalnu kha tunge anih chiah, a tak takah a lo awm reng em, khawi lai nge a lal ram ni chiah...thawnthu dangah te lan na anei ve reng em...? Zawhna ava tasm em. Lalte pakhatna bung 10:1-13 ah chuan Sheba lalnu in lal Solomona finzia leh ropui zia a hriatin thilpek hlu tak tak englo rimtui te, rangkachak te leh lunghlu thahnem tak te nena finzia leh ropui zia te hre fiah tur te leh zawhna a chhanna a hriatloh te zawt tur te a akal thu kan hmu a. Sheba lalnu hian zawhna te a zawt a, Solomona hian a chhang vek a, tin thil pek hlu tak tak te pawh an in pe tawn a. Tichuan Solomona finzia leh ropui zia ahmuh hnu chuan an ram lamah a haw leh ta tih kan hmu a (helai chanchin hi Lalte pakhatna bung 10 ah khan a awm kha...(Lalte chu Thuthlung Hlui ah aw..Bible te hi in keu khat ve hlawm si a, Thuthlung Tharah te khan in lo zawngleh vak ange..wehehe..). Tin, he thu vek hi Chronicles pahnihna ah khan tlema a thu danglam deuhin kan hmu leh bawk a, tin Chanchintha Matthaia ziakah khan Lal Isua’n chhim lam atanga lalnu pakhat Solomona finna fiah tuma akal thu kha a sawiri zuai bawk a. Chuti zawng chu Sheba lalnu chanchin Bible a kan hmuh theih chu ani a. A hming takngial pawh a in ziak lo a ni.
     Kum 3000 chuang zet chu Queen Of Sheba hi tunge anih chiah, khawilai nge a laram chu ni ta ang, a tak takah a lo awm reng em, lalnu tak tak nge anih, milian nu nge, dawithiam nge, mipa te thlemthlu tur hrim hrim a zin vak kual thin emni anih zawk? Ethopia lal hnuhnung ber Haile Selassie kha amahin a in sawi angin Sheba lalnu leh Solomona inkara an fa te thlah kal zel ladam hnuhnung ber ani tak tak em tih te hi tun thleng a khawvelin alahriat chian theihloh chu a ni ta a ni.
     Sawi tawh ang khan kan Bible hi chuan Sheba(Bible ah chuan Seba a in ti) lalnu chanchin hi a inziak chianglo hle mai a, mithiam thenkhat chuan Solomona hausak zia a hriat khan, insumdawn tawnna thuthlung siampui tum a va tlawh niin an ngai deuh thung a. Solomona kha a finga ,a ram chhehvel a ram dang nen pawh khan insumdawn tawnna nasa takin a kal pui a. A ram chhehvela ran thiltithei deuh te kha chu an lal fanu te kha nupuiah a nei mai zel a, Pharoah fanu te pawh nupuiah a nei hial anih kha. Tin, Phoenicians ho te nen pawh anin sumdawn tawn nasa a , tin Solomona khan ram thenawm te nena in sumdan tawnna atana inremna ani dawn phawt chuan tiin Lebanon ah tepawh ami leh sa 10000 chuang hnathawk turin a tir mai a ni. Chutiang beisei chuan Sheba lalnu hian ava tlawh an ring deuh a mahse helam thu hi chu Bible chuan a ziak lang lemlo thung.
     Tichuan thawnthu leh thil dangah Sheba lalnu chanchin hi hmuh tur alo awm ve reng em tih lam hi lo chhui chho tawh dawn ila. Middle Age hun lai vel leh Renaissance hunlai a an lemziak velah chuan Sheba lalnu lem hi hmuh tur a lo awm nual mai a. France, England, Germany leh Italy vela an Gothic Cathedrals velah chuan Sheba lalnu lem/lim hi lalnu ang leh dawithiam anga lantir a ni thung ani. Kum zabi 19na chho vel ah kha chuan a chanchin hi tlemin sawi dan alo dang chho ve leh deuh a. Gustave Flaubert-a ziak, ‘Temptation Of St Anthony’(1874) tih buah chuan Sheba lalnu hi tisa chakna lam lantir tuah hman a ni ve thung a. A thawnthu ah chuan puithiam Anthony-a chu Thebes thlalaer bulah thlem thluk atum a. Atir ber in a sum leh pai in a thlem phawt a. Chutah a tisa mawina in a thlem leh a, mahse puithiam Anthony-a chu a thlem thluk zawh takloh avangin a beidawng chuan a ke piangsual chu a hmuh tir a a kalsan ta a ni.
     Heta a ke piangsual tih tak mai hi a ni rawn sawi chian ka tum pakhat chu. Sheba lalnu chanchin hi Koran ah pawh a lo in ziak ve tlat mai le. Koran a a inziah danah chuan Sheba lalnu leh Solomona hi lehkha an in thawn tawn fe hnuah Solomona hian amah hmu turin a ko niin a in ziak ve thung a. Tin, Jewish ho lehkhabu ‘Book of Esther’ an tih ah chuan Solomana nen hian pindan pakhat a chhuat darthlalang vekah an inhmu a tichuan darthlangah chuan a ke piangsual hmul vek chu a lo lang ta ani tih a in ziak thung a. Jewish ho thawnthu chuan hetiang anga ke hmul vek hi ramhuai chinchhiahna niin, Sheba lalnu pawh hi ramhuai mipa thlemthluk ching ‘Lilith’ an tih chu a ni e an ti thung a. He ngaihdan hi Assyrian te Babylonian ho te ngaihdan atanga an lak ni a ngaih a ni thung.
     Hetiang hian hmanlai hnam hrang hrang leh sakhaw hrang hrang thawnthuah hian Sheba lalnu chanchin hi a lo awm nual mai a, hmanlai thuziak thenkhatah chuan Red Sea kam vela Arabian Kingdom vel hi a lal ram niin an lo ziak nual hlawm a. Sheba tih tobul tak hi Genesis hun laiah daih tawh khan a lo chhuilet theih tlat mai.. Mihring hming sawina nilovin hmun hming sawinana an hman thin a ni a. Nova fa Shem-a, Semites an tih ho tlahtu te leh Sheba hi unau a sawi an ni a. Sheba hian unau mipa 12 a nei a, chung a unau te hming chu AD6 na vel thleng kha chuan khaw hming atan an la hmang a, Hazarmoth, Sheba, Ma’in leh Quataban te chu ram bung khat angin an awm a, heng ziangah hian Sheba chu khawpui ber a ni a, sumdawnna hmunpui niin a ram chhungah pawh tel rimtui siamna chi thing te an ching nasa em em thin ani. Greek Historian, Diodorus Siculus khan BC 1 na lai vel khan he Sheba khua hausakna chiang deuhin hi alo ziak lang tawh nghe nghe a ni.
     He Sheba khua mi te hian Ni leh thla leh chawngmawii hi pathian angin an bia a,an sawrkar inrelbawlna ah chuan an puithiam te chu an laber ‘Priest Kings’ an ni a. Hetiang ang inrelbawlna hi Sumerian ho system nen a inang viau a ni. Tin, an hawrawp hi Phoenicians ho te nen a inang bawk ani. Sheba chu thlaler hmun zau takin kil tinah a hual vel avangin hmelma tan pawh beih mai mai a har em em a. BC 25-24 vel lai kan Roman Army, Aelius Gallus-a leh a ho te chuan han run ngial an tum a, mahse an sipai te chu tlalerah nisa leh tuihal tuar lovin an tlu hlum nasa lutuka, an hlawhchham der mai a ni. Kum 400 chuang a ral hnuah an run leh thei tawk a ni.
     Sheba tih hming hrim hrim hi chu hmanlai lehkha ziak tu lar ho Herodotus-a te, Strabo te, Pilny the Elder te leh Diodorus Siculus te ho hian an lo sawi lang vek hlawm mai a.Tin, kum zabi 20na chho a thuziak tu hmingthang W.B. Yeats te, Rudyard Kiplings te leh John Dos Passo te ho pawhin Sheba lalnu hi an thawnthu ziakah te ziak langin, tisa chaknalam a mipa thlemthluk thiam tak ang vek in an ziak chho a. Tin Islamic mythology ah chuan Lal Solomona nen khan innei in, Solomona khan Muslimah a inleh tir a. An mahni Islam ho tihdan in a hming thlakin Bilkis tih in an thlak a, Yemen a Temple of Moon an tih hi ‘Haram Bilkis’ an ti bawk thin a, chu chu he Sheba lalnu temple sawina hi a ni e an ti bawk a ni.
     Kum 1934 khan French journalist pakhat Andre Malraux chuan thlaler chung zawna a thlawh laiin Sheba khawpui hlui hi a hmuh thu a sawi a, mahse a thil hmuh hi finfiahna tak erawh a awm lo thung, tin, Sheba hmun/khua hi khawi lai tak nge anih tih hi tun thlengin mithiam te pawhin an la chhut chuak zo lova. Tin amah Sheba lalnu, Bible in a sawi tak a pawh hi tunge anih chiah tih hi chhui chian ngaihna an la hre chuang lo bawk a ni. Mahse hetiang tak a thawnthu ah te leh Bible ah meuh lo lang ve ta hi chu a tak a lo awm ve ngei ni chuan an ringa, mahse eng ram lalte leh history ah mah hian tunge anih awmang hi hriat chuah a chhui chuah ngaihna a awm lo hi a mak na ve tak ani thung. Ethopia lal hnuhnung ber Haile Selassie kha amahin a in sawi angin Sheba lalnu leh Solomona inkara an fa te thlah kal zel la dam hnuhnung ber angin a insawi a, mahse hei pawh hi finfiah nghaina a awm ta chuang lo a ni.Sheba lalnu hi tunge anih a, khawi lai tak hi nge a la ram chu ni ta tih hi a zawng chuak a a chhui chiang peih te tan chuan history leh archeology lam ah hian englai pawhintu tan pawh tun thleng hian kawng ala inhawng reng ani.


Queen of Sheba

     THE LEGEND OF Dr GEORGE(Johann)FAUST: “The Tragicall History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus,” tih hi tamtak chuan kan hre ngei anga, zirlai ah te hial pawh telh anih thin kha. Chutih lai chuan la hre ve miah lo pawh a awm theih tho mai bawk. He thawnthu hi Christopher Marlowe an play anga a ziah ani. He thawnthu hi Marlowe-a hian ‘The English Faust book’ tih atanga a lak chawn ni a sawi a ni a. ‘Faust’ tih hming hrim hrim i Latin hming ‘Faustus ‘ tih atanga lak niin, a awmzia chu ‘duhsak bik’ tih emaw ‘duat bik/ fa chuam’ tihna ang deuh a ni a. Hetiang hming hi hmanlai dawithiam ho te khan an hmang nasa hle thin nghe nghe ani. He thawnthu hi Shakespear-a thu ziak ho tih loh ah chua khawvela literature lama sawi hlawh ber te zing ami a ni bawk.
     Dr Johann Faust hi 1480 ah Wittenberg,Germany ah a lo pianga. Pa inzir mi tak mai ni in University of Wittenberg ah zirtirtu hna a thawk a.Thil chi hrang hrang ah tui na a ngah em em a,a in chhiar zau bawk a.Abik takin occult lampang te,theology lampang te a tui em em a,theology phei chu a zir nasa em em a.Mahse a nun chu a inlet ta tlat mai a.Theology lam atang chuan black arts lampang ah a kal chho ta tlat mai a..demonology lam a tui pui zawk ta tlat mai.
     Tichuan black arts lamah chuan a tui ta tlut mai a, ramhuai biak lampang a buaipui ta a.Vawikhat chu ramhuai pakhat Mephistopheles chu a ko chhuak ta a.Tichuan Setana hnenah he ramhuai,a tirhkoh kaltlang hian a thlarau a hralh ta a.An inrem na ah chuan Mephistopheles-a chuan kum 24 chhung a rawng bawl sak in a duh duh a tih sak anga mahse kum 24 hnuah a nunna leh thlarau an laksak ve thung ang tih contract an ziak ta thlap a. Dr Faust-a chuan a thisen in a hming a sign hnan ta a.. Tichuan le a boss Setana chuan a duhzawng chu Mephistopheles-a kaltlang chuan a tih sak tan ta a.Finna leh thiamna tamtak a pe a,tin thil tihtheihna engeng emaw te pawh a pe a. A thil tih an sawi thenkhat zingah chuan Alexander the Great thlarau a koh chhuah te, tin, grape rah hun loh lai a grape rah hmin a tih chhuah te an ni nual hlawm mai.
     Tin, hriatna leh thiamna nasa tak a pe bawk ni a sawi a ni bawk a, eizawnna kawngah leh a hna lamah pawh nasa takin a hlawhtlin phah niin an sawi bawk..MAHSE.. contract an sign atanga kum 23 na ah chuan Dr Faust chu a inchhir ta tlat mai..mahse a inlamlet thei tawh si lova, tichuan a beidawng chu khawvel thil ah nasa thei ang ber in a tlan ta nghek mai a. Mephistopheles chu sum leh pai leh hmeichhe hmeltha tak tak a dil a, a hnenah a rawn hruai tir a khawvel chu an' chen ta tak tak mai a. Tichuan a kum 24 na a lo thlen dawn hnaih chuan a zirlai ho hnenah chuan a thlarau Setana hnena a hralh dan zawng zawng chu a inpuang ta vek mai a.. Chutia a inpuan zan chuan a zirlai te ho chuan an pu chu hall ah an kalsan a mahse tumah muhil thei an awm lova,hlauthawng takin an meng thap hlawm mai a. Tichuan le zanlai ah chuan kawngkhar inhawng ri bur hi an hria a, an pu chu ring taka 'min that dawn, min that dawn' ti a a au tuarh tuarh ri chu an hre ta a, mahse tumah chechang ngam reng an awm lova, tichuan a au thawm pawh chu a reh ve ta a. A tuk zingah chuan a zirlai ho chuan an hall chhuat leh bang velah chuan thisen leh thluak vel per darh niah nuaih mai chu an hmu ta a, pawna an va chhuah chuan tuallaiah chuan an zirtirtupa Dr.Faust-a ruang sakawr ek nen a lo in chiahpiah nuaih mai chu an hmu ta mai a ni..
     Hei Dr Faust a chanchin hi tawnthu anga sawi a ni thin a,'The Story of Johann Faust' tih in 1587 vel khan Europe velah thawnthubu pangngai hralh in an hralh nasa hle a,tin, English thawnthu ziaktu pakhat Christopher Marlowe an drama ang deuh a 'Tragical History of Dr Faust' tih a a ziah hi ama original a nih chiah loh hmel khawp mai a, hmanlai thawnthu engemaw atanga a lak chhoh anih hmel. Mak ve deuh mai chu he thu ziak tu Christopher Marlowe hi Shakespeare-a thu ziak ho zawng zawng ziak tu hi amah hi a ni anga sawi pawh a awm tlat pek chu. He thawnthu hi thawnthu ngaihnawm tak anih rualin sawi tum em em leh kawh tum em em a nei chuang lo a, mimal nun chanchin leh Setana hnena thlarau hralh thatlohna chungchang ang deuh ani main a. Heti tak mai a Literary World a ngaihsan a hlawh hi mak ve tak chu a ni bawk....
Dr.George Faust

     TROJAN WAR: Greek ho thawnthu a hmun pawimawh ber mai luah tu Trojan War chungchang hi kan hriat ngai loh lam deuh ang zawng in tlem i lo sawi chho dawn ila a tha awm e. TROY tih film hmuhmawm lutuk mai kha en lo kan awm kher awmlo e. Kha film ah khan Greek ho te leh Trojan ho nasa taka an indo thu kan hmu a. He thawnthu hi Homer-a thawnthu ziak Illiad atanga lak ani a. A thawnthu ah chuan Greek ho lalte zing ami Malenus-a nupui hmeltha tak mai Helen-i leh Trojan lal fapa Paris-a chu inngaizawng in, Paris-a hian Helen-i chu an ram Troy ah chuan a hawn ta daih mai a.
     Malenus-a thinrim chuan a nupui Helen-i chu lak let leh tum in Greek ram hrang hrang a roreltu te leh a, a unaupa phawhraw zet mai Agamemnon-a te, Greek indo thiam lutuk mai Achaean mi Achilles-a, pathian te fapa ni a an sawi thin te chu pun in sipai rual tam lutuk mai nen chuan Troy khawpui chu an run ta a. Kum sawm chhung tehmeuh an indo hnu ah leh a khawi lam ve ve pawh mi tamtak an thih a an mi huaisen Hector-a te ho pawh an thih vek hnu ah Greek ho chuan an kulh chu an luhchhuak hleithei ta si lova, an fin kherek chhuah in haw san ta anga langin thilpek angin thing sakawr lian tawk mai an siam a, chumi chhungah chuan an sipai tha zual te chu biru in chu thing sakawr chu Trojan ho chuan an kulh chhunga an lakluh hnu ah chuan zanah Greek indomi ho chu lo chhuak in Troy khawpui chu an luhchhuak ta a.Tichuan Troy khawpui chu an hal darh ta vek a. Nunau tlem tlan chhuak ru tih loh chu an that mang ta vek a ni.
     Hei hi Homer'an a thawnthu lar tak mai Illiad a a ziah dan tlangpui chu ani a. Hman lai atang tawh in he thawnthu hi a tak tak ni ngei tur ah an ngai a mahse Troy khawpui hnuhma hlui hi an hmu chhuak zo tlat lo mai a, tichuan tun hnu deuh ah hian he thawnthu hi phuahchawp mai mai ah an ngai ta deuh ani. Mahse German mi pakhat Heinrich Schliemann-a chu a beidawng ve duh tlat lo mai le. Tichuan Schliemann-a chuan archeologist dang ten an la zawn ngailoh na hmun Asia Minor a Agean Sea vaukama Hisarlik tlang vel chu a zawngin a lai ta chiam mai a. A tawpah chuan a hlawhtling ta.
      Khaw hmun hlui Troy khawpui ni ngeia an hriat chu a lai chhuak ta a.He hmun ah hian khaw hmun hlui in thuahthip in thuah sawm zet an lai chhuak ta a. Ro hlu tam tak an lai chhuak bawk a.Rangkachak tangka tamtak BC2400 vel ami, Trojan lal Piram-a ta ni ngei a an hriat te pawh an lai chhuak nghe nghe ani. He khua an laih chhuah hova hlui ber chu BC2900-2600 vel ami ani a,Homer'an Troy khawpui anga a lo sawi kha chu a inthuah paruk na ah an lai chhuak ta ani.Troy khawpui an laih chhuah hi BC1700-1200 lai vel bawr ami ni in a lang a.Lal in lian tak tak te, tempul te leh mipui vantlang chenna hmun bik te pawh an lai chhuak teuh mai a ni.
     Trojan War chungchang hi a thleng tak tak em tih chu hriat a har tawh hle mai a, mithiam tamtak chuan vawikhat a indona rei tak kum sawm chhung awh nilovin, hnam hrang hrang ina vawi tamtak an run avanga Troy khawpui chu lo tluchhe ta ni ah an ngai ani. Tin, Trojan War a chanchin lar tak Wooden Horse chungchang hi hriat ngaihna a awm tawh lovin, a hnuhma hmuh tur a awm talo a ni. Tin, tunhnai deuh a an thil hmuh chhuan thar ah chuan an kuthnu leh kutziak vel atang chuan Trojan ho kha Greek mi lampang ni lovin Central Anatolia lama Hittite ho an nih an ring mah a ni.


Trojan Horse

*Source: BigDaddy Hmahmatea @ Facebook - Thu Ngaihnawm Huang  (Almanac Of The Uncanny/The Unexplained/ Last Mysteries Of The World/How Dit It Really Happen)